Friday, June 7, 2019

Introduction to Astronomy Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Astronomy EssayThe life roll of a unity is a process that is not only beautiful but, interest to those fortunate ones who have the chance to study the subject. To the uneducated soul, gazing upon the night sky wondering what is out there is not a common thing. But world able to learn roughly what is really out there and how it became, that my friends, is truly an amazing task. One has to wonder just how we know what type of star we ar looking at or at what point in the stars life cycle the star dwells. Since the dawn of man, we have studied the stars, and until the experience century, astronomers have found ways to measure four properties of stars their luminosities, temperatures, radii, and weedes. With this knowledge, they now have classified thousands of stars by plotting these stars on diagrams and charts characterized by any pair of these specific properties. A Star is Born Stellar Nursery Nebula The proverbial birth of a star starts within a huge c loud of gas and dust cognise as a nebula. A nebula is approximately 21 light-years in width.When the gases and elements of the nebula start to contract due to the pull of its own gravity, it depart create a protostar, which female genitalia startingly grow to roughly 60 million miles across. This is where the star lights to consume shape. In order for a star to grow, it testament need nuclear optical fusion to take place, and that requires tremendous amounts of pressure and heat. Main Sequence Stars The enormous pressure that is created compresses together elements to form more elements and to create energy. With enthalpy being the least dense and easiest to ruffle, stars begin fusing hydrogen first.The side effect of this fusing of nuclei, or nuclear fusion, is the production of two positrons, two neutrinos, and the release of energy. Stars that ar in the hydrogen burning process are known to be in the main sequence. Stars will spend the majority of their lifespan in the m ain sequence. Using the standardized classification system, astronomers find that about 90% of all stars cluster in thin bands on each the noted diagrams. Red Giant Eventually in the stars life, the hydrogen supply in the bosom will begin to expire, when this happens, the suns core becomes unstable and will begin to contract.Consequently, the outer shell of the star, which consists mainly of hydrogen, will start to expand. During the expansion, it cools and will begin to glow red. The star now resides a red giant phase of its life cycle (Cain, 2009). Practically all stars will evolve identically up to the red giant phase, yet depending on the amount of mass a star, the next phase in the life cycle can be greatly different. Supergiants One possible evolution of extremely colossal stars, although rare, is to become a supergiant. But what is a supergiant?When the radiation released by the fusion of helium into carbon it causes the red giant to expand even larger, perhaps into a star roughly 400 times the Suns size. The finale of Days Death of a Star White Dwarf A white dwarf, or a remnant of a star that has collapsed, are the dowry of stars like our sun. This phase in the life cycle is attained when the nuclear fuel supply is exhausted. Typically, a white dwarf can have the mass of about six-tenths the mass of our sun, but obtains size considerably smaller than that of the ball.A white dwarf is formed when the shroud of a red giant is ejected as the core burns the last bits and pieces of its nuclear fuel. A white dwarf slowly fades into oblivion as it cools down. Supernova Possibly, exceedingly massive stars can continue to fuse heavy elements in order to produce more energy. Nevertheless, once iron is formed, it cannot be fused to make more energy. This is because iron has such a utmost binding energy and is thus very stable. Due to the immense gravity, the core will collapse and huge amounts of gas on the surface will onset out into space.This phase in the stars life cycle has now become a supernova. Neutron Star Following a supernova explosion, the iron core of the star may be enormously massive, and may have an immense force of gravity. It has now become a neutron star, where the negative force, or pushing effect, mingled with neutrons stops the contraction caused by gravity. Pulsar It is possible for a neutron star to spin rapidly following a supernova explosion. A result of this spinning, the neutron star may calculate out two beams of radio waves, light, and X-rays.These beams radiate in a circle as the star is spinning, and thus appears that the light from the star is pulsing intermittently. This is why it is called a Pulsar. Blackhole Yet some extremely massive supergiants, many with a mass more than four times that of our own Sun, may continue contracting until their nuclei are compacted into even more dense matter. The compacting matter forms a body so dense that it forms a black hole. A black hole is an extremely massi ve and dense, spectral body with a gravitational pull powerful enough to prevent the escape of light (Newman, 2002).Life as We Know It Astronomers believe Earth and all its living organisms are composed of elements formed in the interiors of stars, especially supergiants that exploded as supernovas. As astronomers across the globe scour planetary systems, both(prenominal) within and beyond our galaxy, in the quest to find life, they are centering their attention on each systems habitable zone. The habitable zone is where heat radiated from the star is just right to keep a planets water in liquid form (Williams Pollard, 2000), the sweet spot of the solar system.

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